A. Major Spices Spices – production and importance – stage of harvesting and harvesting methods - processing of major spices – pepper, cardamom, chilli, turmeric, ginger, garlic and onion. - Unit operations involved – equipment – principle and construction. B. Minor Spices Production and importance – stage of harvesting and harvesting methods - processing of minor spices –Herbs, leaves, spartan, clove, coriander, cumin, nutmeg, curry leaves, vanilla, annatto– seeds - unit operations involved – equipment – principle and construction.
Processing of coffee - wet and dry method – fermentation - equipment used – Instant coffee, methods, process and equipment involved– Chicory chemistry - Quality grading of coffee. Processing of tea types - CTC - methods and equipment - grading of tea – methods – grades of tea- Green tea manufacture – Instant tea manufacture – packaging of tea.
Occurrence - Chemistry of the cocoa bean – changes taking place during fermentation of cocoa bean – post harvest technology of cocoa bean – processing of cocoa byproducts Chocolates – Type– Chemistry and technology of chocolate manufacture – Quality control of chocolates
Cashew-Importance - harvesting- products - uses of cashew & CSNL- cashew nut processing - methods of roasting - shelling - grading- packaging- infestation- Hygiene and safety. Coconut harvesting - Processing technology of Virgin Coconut oil- Desiccated Coconut, Milk Cream, Natade- Coco, Packed Tender Coconut Water- Vinegar and Activated Carbon.
Cleaning and grading of spices - specifications - packaging and storage of spices – quality specifications – Extraction, aesthetic value and uses of oleoresins and essential oils – quality analysis of spices and their derivatives – flavor extraction techniques and standard specifications. Functional packaging of spices and spice products – By-products.
Reference Book:
1.Amalendu Chakraverty, Arun S. Mujumdar, G.S.Vijaya Raghavan and Hosahalli S. Ramasamy. 2010. Handbook of Postharvest Technology – Cereals, Fruits, Vegetables, tea and Spices. Marcel Dekker Inc. New York. 2.Basel. Handbook of Agricultural Engineering. Directorate of Knowledge Management in Agriculture. Indian Council of Agricultural Research. Krishi Anusandhan Bhavan I, New Delhi. 3. Peter, K.V. 2001.Handbook of herbs and spices – CRC press, New York
Text Book:
1.J.S.Pruthi. 1998. Major spices of India – Crop Management and Postharvest Technology. Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Krishi Anusandhan Bhavan, Pusa, New Delhi. PP. 514. 2.J.S. Pruthi. 1980. Spices and Condiments: Chemistry, Microbiology and Technology. First Edition. Academic Press Inc., New York, USA. 3.S. Gupta. Handbook of Spices and Packaging with Formulae. Engineers India Research Institute, New Delhi.