Peculiarities of space environment and its description – Effect of space environment on materials of spacecraft structure and astronauts – Effect on satellite life time – Manned space missions – Sidereal time–Solar time–Standard time–The earth‘s atmosphere–Indian human space flight program – ISRO orbital vehicle.

The solar system – reference frames and coordinate systems – terminology related to the celestial sphere and its associated concepts – Kepler‘s law of planetary motion and proof of the laws – Newton‘s universal law of gravitation – the many body problems – Lagrange – Jacobi identity – the circular restricted three body problem – libration points – General N-body problem –two body problems – relations between position and time.

General aspects of satellite injections – Satellite orbit transfer –Various cases – Orbit deviations due to injection errors – Special and general perturbations – Cowell‘s method – Encke‘s method – Method of variations of orbital elements – General perturbations approach

Two dimensional interplanetary trajectories –Fast interplanetary trajectories – Three dimensional interplanetary trajectories – Launch of interplanetary spacecraft –Trajectory about the target planet – Concept of sphere of influence – Lambert‘s theorem.

Introduction to ballistic missile trajectories – The boost phase – The ballistic phase –Trajectory geometry – Optimal flights – Time of flight – Reentry phase – The position of the impact point – Influence coefficients – Indian Ballistic Missile Defense programme.