Solar radiation availability - radiation measurement – transmittance - absorptance – flat plate collectors - heat transfer correlations - collector efficiency - heat balance – absorber plate – types - selective surfaces. Solar driers – types – heat transfer - performance of solar dryers – agro industrial applications - liquid flat plate collectors - their performance. Experiment on thermal efficiency of natural convection solar dryer Experiment on thermal efficiency of forced convection solar dryer Problems on thermal losses and efficiency of flat plate collectors

Optically concentrating collectors – types – reflectors - solar thermal power stations – principle and applications - solar stills - types - solar pond - performance – characteristics – applications – solar refrigeration. Photovoltaics - types – characteristics – load estimation - batteries – invertors – operation - system controls. PV system installations – standalone systems - PV powered water pumping – system sizing and optimization - hybrid system - solar technologies in green buildings. List of Experiments: Problems on solar time – basic earth sun angles Experiment on thermal efficiency of solar still

Nature of wind – wind structure and measurement - wind power laws - velocity and power duration curves - aero foil - tip speed ratio - torque and power characteristics - power coefficients – Betz coefficient. List of Experiments: Study of photovoltaic cell characteristics Study on the performance of wind generator in the lab

Wind mill – classification– power curve. Upwind and downwind systems - transmission rotors –pumps - generators - standalone system - grid system – batteries. Wind energy storage - wind farms - wheeling and banking - testing and certification procedures. List of Experiments: Performance evaluation of a SPV water pumping system Wind Energy conversion calculations for power generation

Ocean energy- off shore and on shore ocean energy conversion technologies- OTEC principles-open and closed cycles. Tidal energy – high and low tides – tidal power- tidal energy conversion schemes. Geothermal energy – resources – classification and types of geothermal power plants. Nuclear energy – reactions – fusion fission hybrid. Fuel cell – principle and operation – classification and types. Energy storage – pumped hydro and underground pumped hydro – compressed air - battery - flywheel – thermal. List of Experiments: Visit to a solar PV power plant Visit to a wind farm