Continuity - momentum - energy equations - Aerodynamic forces and Moments –Viscous flow - Newton‘s law of viscosity- Viscous boundary layer - Methods to delay Flow Separation Flow over a flat plate - Blasius solution – Navier Stokes equation – Review of Vector relations – Models of the fluid: Control volume and fluid element Lab experiment: ● Water flow visualization method ● Pressure distribution over a symmetric aerofoil

Airfoils Nomenclature and NACA series - Airfoil Characteristics - Vortex sheet - Kelvin Circulation theorem - Thin aerofoil theory and its applications - Introduction to Finite wing - Downwash and Induced Drag - Biot Savart law and Helmhotz‘s theorems - Horse shoe vortex - Prandtl‘s Classical Lifting line theory and its limitations – Numerical nonlinear lifting lone theory – Three dimensional incompressible flow Lab experiment: ● Pressure distribution over various airfoil models. ● Determination of lift for the given airfoil section.

Prandtl equation and Rankine Hugoniot relation - Normal shock equations - Pitot static tube, corrections for subsonic and supersonic flows - Oblique shocks and corresponding equations - Hodograph and pressure turning angle - shock polars – Rayleigh and Fanno Flow – Flow past convex corners - Expansion hodograph - Reflection and interaction of shocks and expansion waves - Methods of Characteristics - Two-dimensional supersonic nozzle contours. Lab experiment: ● Generation of lift in the tip vortices ● Flow visualization in smoke tunnel

Small perturbation potential theory - Solutions for supersonic flows - Mach waves and Mach angles – Prandtl Glauert affine transformation relations for subsonic flows - Lift, drag pitching moment and center of pressure of supersonic profiles – Three dimensional incompressible flows – Subsonic compressible flow over airfoils – linear theory - Linearised Supersonic flow theory – Linearised Velocity potential equation – CFD applications: Transonic Airfoil and wings – Supercritical airfoils Lab experiment: ● Flow visualization studies in subsonic speeds ● Pressure distribution over a symmetric aerofoil

Lower and upper critical Mach numbers - Lift and drag divergence - shock induced separation - Characteristics of swept wings - Effects of thickness, camber and aspect ratio of wings - Transonic area Rule - Tip effects - Blow down, in draft and induction tunnel layouts and their design features - Wind tunnel types – Helium and gun tunnels - Shock tubes - Optical methods of flow visualization. Lab experiment: ● Calibration of subsonic wind tunnel