Introduction - Historical development of VR - Fundamental Concept and Components of Virtual Reality - Primary Features and Present Development on Virtual Reality - Computer graphics - Real time computer graphics - Flight Simulation - Virtual environment requirement - benefits of virtual reality - Scientific Landmark

Taxonomy - technology and features of augmented reality - Working with AR techniques - compatibility with the environment - system architecture - AR terminology - application areas of AR - connectivity of smart devices with AR - Difference between AR and VR - Challenges with AR - Augmented reality methods

VR Devices – Structure and working of HTC Vive - Google Cardboard - Samsung gear VR - Oculus Quest - Samsung Odyssey - Oculus Rift - AR Components – Scene Generator - Tracking system - monitoring system - display - Optical See- Through HMD - Virtual retinal systems - Monitor based systems - Projection displays - Video see-through systems - Advantages and Disadvantages of AR and VR technologies

Human factors: Introduction, the eye, the ear, the somatic senses. Hardware: Introduction, sensor hardware, Head-coupled displays, Acoustic hardware, Integrated VR systems. Software: Introduction, Modelling virtual world, Physical simulation, VR toolkits, Introduction to VRML

Introduction – AR/VR in Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) – Benefits of AR/VR in Construction Industry - Limitation of AR/VR in Construction Industry – Application in AEC Sectors – Challenges