General theory of transmission lines - General Solution of the transmission line - Waveform distortion and distortion less transmission line – Loading of transmission lines, Input and Transfer impedance - Reflection factor and reflection loss. The Line at Radio Frequencies: Line of Zero dissipation - Standing waves and standing wave ratio on a line – Impedance matching: Quarter wave Transformer. The Smith Chart and its applications – Single stub matching and Double stub matching.
Waves between parallel planes of perfect conductors – Transverse electric and transverse magnetic waves – Transverse Electromagnetic waves - characteristics of TE, TM and TEM Waves – TE and TM Waves in Rectangular Wave guides – TE and TM waves in circular wave guides - Microwave cavity Resonators.
ANTENNA FUNDAMENTALS AND ANTENNA ARRAYS
Review of electromagnetic theory: Concept of vector potential. Modification for time varying retarded case - Radiation from a current element and half-wave dipole. Antenna fundamentals: Antenna fundamentals and definition of antenna parameters, Slot antennas, Babinet’s principle. Antenna arrays: Two element array, Principle of Pattern Multiplication, N element Uniform Linear Arrays - Broadside and End fire Arrays, Binomial Arrays.
Horn Antennas, Reflector Antennas – Geometrical characteristics - types of feeds, Micro strip Antennas -design - types of feeds, Log periodic antenna, Lens Antennas, Helical Antenna in Axial and Normal Modes-UWB Antennas - Reconfigurable antenna.
ANTENNA MEASUREMENTS AND WAVE PROPAGATION
Antenna Measurement -Measurement of Antenna pattern – Impedance Measurement. Gain Measurement and Directivity Measurement. Ground Wave Propagation – Attenuation characteristics for ground wave propagation, Calculation of field strength at a distance. Sky Wave Propagation – Structure of ionosphere, Mechanism of Reflection and Refraction, Critical Frequency, MUF and Skip Distance, Optimum Frequency, Virtual Height. Space Wave Propagation – Reflection from ground for vertically and horizontally polarized waves, Reflection characteristics of earth. Resultant of direct and reflected ray at the receiver, Duct propagation.
Reference Book:
Reference Book:
1. Ramo, Whineery and Van Duzer: “Fields and Waves in Communication Electronics” John Wiley, 2003 [Unit I,II]. 2. David K.Cheng, Field and Waves in Electromagnetism, Pearson Education, 1989. [Unit I – II]. 3. Harish A.R., Sachidanada M., “Antennas and Wave propagation”, Oxford University Press, 2007. [Unit III - V]. 4. Constantine A. Balanis, “Antenna Theory Analysis and Design”, John Wiley, 2nd Edition 2007. [Unit III - V] 5. S. Drabowitch, “Modern Antennas” Second Edition, Springer Publications, 2007. [Unit IV] 6. Kraus J.D., Marhefka RJ. and Ahmad Khan S., “Antennas and Wave Propagation”, TMH, New Delhi, 4 ed., (Special Indian Edition), 2010. [Unit III-V].
Text Book:
1. J.D.Ryder, “Networks, Lines and Fields”, PHI, New Delhi, 2003 [Unit I]. 2. E.C. Jordan and K.G.Balmain “Electro Magnetic Waves and Radiating System, PHI,New Delhi, 2003 [Unit II]. 3. John D Kraus, “Antennas for all Applications”, 3rd Edition, McGraw Hill, 2005. [Unit III-V]
