X-Ray generation & absorption – X- Ray Equipment (Block Diagram) – X-Ray Tube, collimator, Bucky Grid, power supply – Digital Radiography-discrete digital detectors, storage phosphor and film scanning – Fluoroscopy - X-ray Image Intensifier tubes – Digital Fluoroscopy. Angiography – Mammography.
Tomography principles, CT Generations - X- Ray sources, collimation, X- Ray detectors, spiral CT scanning, Ultra-fast CT scanners. Image reconstruction techniques- back projection and iterative method – Helical CT reconstruction - Parallel Beam Reconstruction.
Magnetic resonance- Interaction of Nuclei with static magnetic field and radiofrequency wave – Induction of magnetic resonance signals – bulk Magnetization, Relaxation processes T1 and T2. Block Diagram approach of MRI system- system Magnet (Permanent, Electromagnet and Super conductors), Gradient magnetic fields, Radio Frequency coils – Functional MRI.
Gamma camera- Principle of operation, collimator, photo multiplier tube, X-Y positioning circuit, pulse height Analyzer. Principles of SPECT and PET.
Effects of radiation- direct and indirect. Radiation therapy – linear accelerator, Tele gamma Machine. Recent Techniques in radiation therapy - Stereotaxic Radiosurgery, Stereotaxic Radiotherapy, 3D CRT, IMRT, IGRT and Cyber knife. Radiation measuring instruments -Dosimeter, film Badges, Thermo Luminescent dosimeters- electronic dosimeter. Radiation protection in medicine- radiation protection principles, ICRP, AERB.
Reference Book:
Gopal B. Saha ―Physics and Radiobiology of Nuclear Medicine‖- Springer; 4th ed. 2013 edition. B.H.Brown, PV Lawford, R H Small wood , D R Hose, D C Barber, ―Medical physics and biomedical Engineering‖, CRC Press, 1999 Myer Kutz, ―Standard handbook of Biomedical Engineering and design‖, McGraw Hill, 2003 P.Ragunathan, ―Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy in Medicine concepts and Techniques‘‘, Orient Longman, 2007
Text Book:
R.Hendee and Russell Ritenour ―Medical Imaging Physics‖, Fourth Edition William, Wiley-Liss, 2002 Steve Webb, The Physics of Medical Imaging, Adam Hilger, Philadelpia, 1988