Rigid bodies and deformable bodies – Strength, stiffness and stability – Normal stress and normal strain - Shear stress and shear strain – Hooke’s law - Axial deformation of prismatic bar - Stepped bar – Tapered bar – Determinate and indeterminate bars – Poisson’s ratio - Mechanical properties of materials - Elastic constants and their relationships – Factor of safety. Lab Experiments: • Tension test on mild steel specimen using Universal Testing Machine • Verification of Lami’s theorem.

Types of beams, loads and reactions – Determinate beams: Cantilever, Simply supported and Overhanging beams - Shear force diagram and Bending moment diagram – Relationship among loads, shear forces and bending moments – Symmetric bending – Bending normal stress – Bending shear stress. Lab Experiments: • Calculation of Shear force and Bending Moment using open software Deflection test on a cantilever beam

Deflection of determinate beams: Cantilever, Simply supported and Overhanging beams - Differential equations of the deflection curve – Double integration method – Macaulay’s method – Buckling of long columns – Euler’s theory – Long columns with different end conditions – Rankine’s formula. Lab Experiments: • Deflection test on a simply supported beam • Buckling of long columns and construction of Southwell plot

Torsional deformations of a circular shaft – Torsional shear stress – Angle of twist – Transmission of power by circular shafts – Solid and hollow shafts – Stepped shaft - Application to close-coiled helical springs – Axial loading – Design of close-coiled helical springs. Lab Experiments: • Stiffness of a close-coiled helical spring by tension and compression test • Torsion test on mild steel

Plane stress – Principal planes - Principal stresses and maximum shear stress –Mohr’s circle for plane stress – Stresses in thin-walled pressure vessels – Stresses and deformations in thin cylindrical and spherical shells subjected to internal pressure. Lab Experiments: • Stresses in thin-walled cylindrical shell subjected to internal pressure