1. Describe the structural components of the shoulder complex including the articulating surfaces, capsular attachment, ligaments, movements of the following joints, Sternoclavicular, Acromioclavicular, Scapulothoracic, Glenohumeral 2. Describe the function of the shoulder complex including dynamic stability of the Glenohumeral joint, scapulothoracic contributions 3. Describe the muscles of elevation (deltoid, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, Subscapularis, upper trapezius, lower trapezius, serratus anterior, middle trapezius and Rhomboids 4. Describe the muscles of depression (Lattismus dorsi, pectoralis, teres major, and rhomboids) 5. Scapulohumeral rhythm, Coracoacromial arch.

1. Describe the structure of the humeroulnar, humeroradial including articulating surfaces, Joint capsule, ligaments, muscles 2. Describe the function of humeroulnar and humeroradial joints including the axis of motion, range of motion, muscle action 3. Describe the structure and function of superior and inferior radioulnar joint 4. Describe the stability and mobility of the elbow complex 5. Carrying angle 6 .Factors limiting range of motion in flexion and extension, supination and pronation

1. Describe the effects of gravity and indicate the location of the gravity line in the sagital Plane in optimal posture 2. Analyze posture with respect to the optimal alignment of joints in the AP and lateral view 3. Role of muscles and ligaments that maintain gravitational moments in erect posture 4. Explain the postural deviations – pesplanus, hallusvalgus, pescavus, idiopathic scoliosis, Kyphosis, lordosis

1. Gait – Stance, Swing, Double support phases of gait and its sub division, parameters of gait 2. Analyze joint motion at hip, knee and ankle of the extremity during gait cycle 3. Describe the muscle activity at hip, knee and ankle throughout the gait cycle and muscle activity at the trunk and upper extremities. 4. Pathological gait and its biomechanical implications.

1. Articulations, ligam ents, muscles, typical vertebrae and intervertebral disc 2. Factors affecting stability and mobility 3. Structure and function of cervical, thoracic, lumbar and sacral vertebrae 4. Describe muscles of the vertebral column – flexors, extensors, rotators, lateral flexors 5. Describe the effect of injury and developmental defects 6. Lumbar – pelvic rhythm, Motions of the vertebral column