Introduction to fluid power systems; structure of fluid power systems; working medium and its properties. Hydraulic Power Generators – Hydraulic Pumps: Pumping theory and classifications; Gear pumps (external and internal), Vane pumps (balanced and unbalanced), Piston pumps (radial, bent axis and swash plate), Pump performance, selection criteria and problems on pump performances. Linear Actuators: Classification, Constructional features of single and double acting cylinders, Telescopic cylinder, Mechanics of Hydraulic Cylinder loading; Rotary Actuators: Classification, Gear motors, Vane motors, Piston motors, Hydraulic motor performance evaluations.

Classification, Pressure control valves: relief valve (direct and pilot operated types), sequence valve, pressure reducing valve (direct and pilot operated types), unloading valve, counterbalance valve. Flow control valves: needle valve, globe valve and pressure and temperature compensated valve, check valve. Directional Control Valves: Constructional features, sliding and rotary types.

Control of single and double acting hydraulic cylinder, regenerative circuit, pump unloading circuit, double pump hydraulic system, counter balance valve circuit, hydraulic cylinder sequencing and synchronizing circuits, speed control of hydraulic cylinder, speed control of hydraulic motors, hydraulic braking circuit, safety circuits and accumulator circuits, earth mover circuits - design and selection of components - safety and emergency mandrels.

Compressed air: Characteristics and Production of compressed air – compressors, preparation of compressed air; Driers, Filters, Regulators, Lubricators. Pneumatic Actuators: Linear cylinders – Types, conventional type of cylinder working, end position cushioning. Rod–less cylinders, types, working advantages. Rotary cylinder types, construction and application. Design parameters, selection. Basic pneumatic circuits, hydro pneumatic circuits. Design of simple pneumatic circuits and components for material handling and packaging applications.

Design and constructional aspects, poppet valves, slide valves spool valve, suspended seat type slide valve. Simple Pneumatic Control: Direct and indirect actuation pneumatic cylinders, use of memory valve. Speed control of cylinders supply air throttling and exhaust air throttling, use of quick exhaust valve, Servo valves, and use of microprocessors for sequencing - PLC, Low cost automation Accumulators (mechanical and hydro-pneumatic types), filters (disc and cartridge types), reservoir system, pressure switches, sealing devices, heaters and heat exchangers, hydraulic oils- desirable properties and type of fluids. Problem caused by gases in hydraulic fluids, wear of moving parts due to solid particle contamination, temperature control, trouble shooting.