History – formation and types of soil – composition - Index properties – clay mineralogy structural arrangement of grains – description – Classification – BIS – US – phase relationship – Compaction – theory – laboratory and field technology – field Compaction method – factors influencing compaction

Soil - water – Static pressure in water - Effective stress concepts in soils – Capillary phenomena– – Permeability – Darcy’s law – Determination of Permeability – Laboratory Determination (Constant head and falling head methods) and field measurement pumping out in unconfined and confined aquifer – Factors influencing permeability of soils – Seepage - Two dimensional flow – Laplace’s equation – Introduction to flow nets – Simple problems Sheet pile and wier.

Stress distribution in homogeneous and isotropic medium – Boussines of theory – (Point load, Line load and udl) Use of Newmarks influence chart –Components of settlement – Immediate and consolidation settlement – Factors influencing settlement – Terzaghi’s one dimensional consolidation theory – Computation of rate of settlement. – √t and log t methods. e-log p relationship consolidation settlement N-C clays – O.C clays – Computation.

Shear strength of cohesive and cohesion less soils – Mohr-Coulomb failure theory – shear strength - Direct shear, Triaxial compression, UCC and Vane shear tests – Pore pressure parameters – Factors influences shear strength of soil.

Infinite slopes and finite slopes –– Friction circle method – Use of stability number –Guidelines for location of critical slope surface in cohesive and c - soil – Slope protection measures