Fundamental concepts - Stability and energy of a system - Power System Stability: Definition, Causes, Nature and Effects of disturbances, Classification of stability, Modelling of electrical components - Basic assumptions made in stability studies- Modelling of Synchronous machine for stability studies(classical model) - Rotor dynamics and the swing equation.

Basic concepts and definitions – State space representation, Physical Interpretation of small–signal stability, Eigen properties of the state matrix: Eigenvalues and eigenvectors, modal matrices, eigenvalue and stability, mode shape and participation factor. Small – signal stability analysis of a Single-Machine Infinite Bus (SMIB) Configuration with numerical example.

Review of numerical integration methods: modified Euler and Fourth Order Runge-Kutta methods, Numerical stability,. Interfacing of Synchronous machine (classical machine) model to the transient stability algorithm (TSA) with partitioned – explicit approaches- Application of TSA to SMIB system.

Factors affecting voltage stability- Classification of Voltage stability-Transmission system characteristics- Generator characteristics- Load characteristics- Characteristics of reactive power compensating Devices- Voltage collapse.

Power System Stabilizer –. Principle behind transient stability enhancement methods: high-speed fault clearing, regulated shunt compensation, dynamic braking, reactor switching, independent pole operation of circuit-breakers, single-pole switching, fast-valving, high-speed excitation systems.