UNIT 2:
Types of lasers – Nd:YAG, CO2 Laser
Einstein’s A and B coefficients -derivation.
UNIT 3:
Intrinsic Semiconductors – Energy band diagram
Direct and indirect semiconductors
Carrier concentration in intrinsic semiconductors
Extrinsic semiconductors - Carrier concentration in N-type
Carrier concentration in P-type semiconductors
Solar cell-V-I characteristics.
Problems on carrier concentration
variation of fermi energy level with temperature and impurity concentration
Photo detectors (PIN & Avalanche)
UNIT 4:
Bravais lattices, directions and planes in a crystal
Single crystalline, polycrystalline and amorphous materials – single crystals: unit cell, crystal systems,
Miller indices – inter-planar distances
coordination number and packing factor for SC, BCC,
crystal imperfections: point defects, line defects – Burger vectors, stacking faults
Growth of single crystals: melt growth techniques (Czochralski method)
Growth of single crystals: solution growth techniques (Bridgman method)