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Ortho: - basics, ossification of bones of the limbs for age determination, X-rays of bones, process of repair of bone. Infections – osteomyelitis, tuberculosis, mycetoma. Metabolic diseases – rickets /osteomalacia, osteoporosis, hyperparathyroidism Tumours- Primary – Osteosarcoma, Osteoclastoma, Ewing’s sarcoma, chondrosarcoma and Secondary tumors Arthritis – Rheumatoid, osteo arthritis/ ankylosing spondylitis.

Fracture – definition, classification, management, fracture healing, delayed union, open fractures,management of fracture clavicle, shaft of humerus and dislocation of shoulder. Classification of injuries around the elbow and management of supracondylar fracture and dislocation of elbow, Monteggia fracture dislocation and fracture of both bones of forearm, Volkamann’s ischemic contracture, fracture lower end of radius, scaphoid and metacarpal fracture. Fracture of pelvis and dislocation of hip, fracture neck of femur, trochanter, shaft of femur tibia, fibula and metatarsal.

Internal derangements of knee, injuries of ankle and foot, amputations, Congenital malformations – CTEV, torticollis , CDH, pseudoarthrosis Disorders of hip- Coxa vara, Perthes disease. Deformities and disorders of the spine Blood transfusion

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