1. Mammography: The Mammography as a clinical diagnostic tool- immobilization and identification techniques-positioning techniques for various projections - exposure factors- Conventional & Digital studies- quality and advantage- diagnosis and screening- Characteristics of benign and malignant lesions – patient care – female attendant - interventional procedures - radiation dose- recent advances in mammography techniques -mammo tomogram & Sonomammography procedures- advantages & limitations. 2. Ultrasonography/ Doppler studies: Techniques of sonography-selection- Preparations - instructions and positioning of patient for TAS, TVS, TRUS, neck USG and extremities- patient care and maintenance protocols-clinical applications display methods –quality image reproducible extend -assurance to patients.
CT scan studies acquisition/ protocols /techniques: 3.CT of head and neck – thorax – abdomen – pelvis – musculo skeletal system – spine – PNS. Anatomy – clinical indications and contraindications – patient preparation – technique – contrast media-types, dose, injection technique; timing, sequence - image display – patient care – utilization of available techniques & image processing facilities to guide the clinician-CT anatomy and pathology of different organ systems.
4. MRI Scanners: Methods of MRI imaging methods – Head and Neck ,Thorax, Abdomen, Musculoskeletal System imaging - Clinical indications and contraindications- types of common sequences-effects of sequence on imaging - Protocols for various studies- slice section- patient preparation-positioning of the patient -patient care- calibration - paramagnetic agents and dose, additional techniques and recent advances in MRI -image acquisition-modification of procedures in an unconscious or un co-operative patient - plain studies- contrast studies -special procedures- reconstructions- 3D images- MRS blood flow imaging, diffusion/perfusion scans - strength and limitations of MRI- role of radiographer.
5. Angiography and Cine Studies /DSA Conventional / DSA studies- Abdominal, visceral, peripheral, cerebral and cardiac angiography - arterial/venous anatomy, physiology-clinical indications and contraindications - patient preparation-positioning of the patient -patient care- contrast media - types of contrast - dosage - accessories catheters, guide wires- pressure injection- control of radiographic and fluoroscopic equipment - exposure factors for serial programmes-programming-injection protocols- outline on each radiological procedure- radiographer’s role- patient management before -during and after the procedure - venography- interventional angiography in hepatobiliary, GIT, urology and vascular system- coils/stents etc- indications and contraindications - role of radiographer-radiation safety.
6. Nuclear Scintiscan procedures: SPECT-CT & PET-CT studies, protocols, Basics of common clinical Nuclear Medicin procedures/techniques–comparison with different structural imaging studies- advantages and limitations. 7. Recent Advances in Imaging Dynamic CT & MRI studies Per operative application of various imaging systems including detector probes application in Nuclear Medicine Imaging guidance in therapeutic procedures-IGRT, TACE & TARE etc
Reference Book:
1.Concepts in Medical Radiographic Imaging – Marianne Tortoice 2.Radiographic Imaging - Derrick 3. Processing and Quality Control – William
Text Book:
1.Concepts in Medical Radiographic Imaging – Marianne Tortoice 2.Radiographic Imaging - Derrick 3. Processing and Quality Control – William