structural basis of cardiovascular disease, embryology, chambers, heart valves, surface marking, great vessels, blood, cardiovascular disease, cardiac cycle, heart sounds, circulation of blood , cardiovascular responses to exercise, heart failure and compensatory mechanism, cardiac muscle action , coronary perfusion.

symptoms and signs, pulse, BP, JVP Congenital heart disease – cyanotic and acyanotic heart diseases Hypertension- essential, malignant, systemic and pulmonary hypertensions Arterial diseases – atherosclerosis – risk factors, Burger’s disease

Coronary, Rheumatic heart disease, heart failure, cardiac arrhythmias, cardiomyopathies Peripheral vascular disease, pulmonary thromboembolism, Systemic diseases affecting the heart, pregnancy and heart disease Pericardial diseases, Cardiac trauma, tumors of heart

Diagnostic tools – ECG, Chest X-ray, ECHO, TMT, Holter, 24 hour ambulatory BP monitoring, blood analysis., etc. Cardiac catheterization and coronary angiography- preparation of patient physically and mentally. Pre and post-operative care and rehabilitation programme. PPI Importance of life style modification measures.

Basics – Cardiopulmonary bypass – closed and open heart operation, PDA ligation, closed mitral valvotomy, pulmonary artery banding , block trussing shunt, pericardiectomy, shunt operations, ASD and VSD closure, Tetralogy of Fallot correction, valvular disease surgeries, surgery for transpositions, other corrective surgeries and coronary surgeries.