Physical Science: Meaning, nature and scope – Aims and objectives of teaching Physical Science in schools - Need and significance of teaching Physical Science - Values of teaching Physical Science.

Steps in planning a lesson: Setting lesson goals – Designing a unit plan – Designing a lesson plan – Bloom’s Taxonomy of educational objectives: Formulating educational objectives at cognitive, affective and psychomotor levels – Structure of a four-fold lesson plan – Preparation of a model lesson plan – Types of test-items - Constructing test-items for formative evaluation in class.

Meaning of teaching – Understanding major teaching skills: Introducing- explaining –questioning - varying the stimulus - non-verbal cues- reinforcement - closure and fluency in communication – Practicing a mini-lesson with multiple-teaching skills (for 20 minutes): Observation and feedback on the practice of integration of teaching skills – Understanding major steps in teaching a mini-lesson: Motivation - presentation interaction- reflection and summing up – Practicing a mini-lesson (for 20 minutes): Observation and feedback on mini-teaching.

Teacher-centered methods: Lecture method - Demonstration method - Team-teaching. Learner-centered methods: Laboratory method – Project method - Peer tutoring/teaching by students- Project method- Individual activities - experiential method – Teacher-guided learning- Problem-solving method - Small group/whole-class interactive learning: Student seminar- group discussion - Mixed-ability grouping. Recent Trends: Constructivist learning - Problem-based learning- Brain-based learning- Collaborative learning- Flipped learning - Blended learning - e-Learning trends - Videoconferencing.

Print Resources: Newspapers - journals and magazines- science encyclopedias. Audio Resources: Radio talk- audio tapes- DVDs/ CDs. Visual Resources: Pictures - flash cards- charts- posters - photographs- models. ICT Resources: Radio – television- Internet- multimedia- Interactive whiteboard. Community Resources: Science centres Science exhibition/ fair - Fieldtrip – Qualities of a good science textbook - Qualities of a Science teacher.