Wave motion – types of waves-simple Harmonic motion – Properties of sound waves – reflection, refraction, diffraction and interference of sound velocity of sound-standing waves-Beats-Resonance.

The ear-pitch loudness and quality of musical notes-just noticeable difference in pitch-barrel hearing-aural or combination tones-subjective tones-subjective music-vibrato and tremolo-pitch range of musical instruments-quality – Fourier’s theorem-musical scales and frequency ratios-choosing a musical scale, Carnatic, Hindustani and Western systems.

String instruments-frequency of stretched strings-longitudinal vibration in strings-plucked, bowed and struck stringed instruments-one example for each from carnatic Hindustani and western. Wind Instruments modes of oscillation in open and closed pipes-Different types of wind instruments-examples from carnatic and western. Vibrations in Stretched Membranes and Plates. Drums, cymbals etc.

Electronics of Music Microphones (carbon & crystal) – pickup – Loud speaker, Amplifiers. Addition of sound -santoors.

Tape recording and play back equalizers, Recording and reproduction of sound in cine films.Acoustic of Buildings: Aoustics-Reverberation and Reverberation time – Acoustic measurements: Acoustic intensity level – Acoustic pressure level-Factors affecting the acoustics of buildings – sound distribution in an Auditorium – Requisites for good acoustics.