Construction of DC machines – Theory of operation of DC generators – Characteristics of DC generators- Operating principle of DC motors – Types of DC motors and their characteristics – Speed control of DC motors- Applications

Introduction – Single phase transformer construction and principle of operation – Types of Transformers - EMF equation of transformer– Phasor diagram - OC and SC test– Regulation of transformer –kVA rating- Transformer losses and efficiency.

Single phase induction motor - Construction –Principle of Operation– Types - Three phase induction motor – Construction – Principle of operation – Types –Starting Methods - Principles of alternator – Equation of induced EMF – Voltage regulation – Synchronous motor: Principle and operation

Classification of instruments - operating principles - Errors in Measurement - Moving coil permanent magnet (PMMC) instruments - Moving Iron of Ammeters – Classification of Transducers - Variable resistive – Variable Capacitive - Variable Inductive transducer

Applications of DC Motors: Electric Vehicle – Electric Traction – Vacuum Cleaner – Hair Dryer: Applications of Induction Motor: Domestic Applications – Air condition/heating systems - Manufacturing Plants, Pumps in sewage and irrigation. Case Study/ Mini Project: Hair Dryer / Home UPS Calculation / Project based on DC motor / Stepper motor.