Disciplines and subjects- meaning, definition and concepts – Distinction between school subjects and academic disciplines - Importance of the knowledge of disciplines and subjects - Need and importance of studying school subjects - Curriculum content – meaning, definitions and importance - John Dewey’s ideas on disciplinary knowledge and curriculum - Relationship between school subjects and academic discipline

Emergence and development of knowledge, subject and curriculum in social, political and intellectual contexts - Changes in social science, natural science and linguistics - Concepts of knowledge-firm, objective and impersonal-diverse, dialogical, subjective, fluid and porous frame - Redefinition of school subject from socio-cultural perspectives - School subjects and social justice.

Selection of subject-matter or content of the curriculum: self-sufficiency, significance, validity, interest, utility, learn ability and feasibility - Reasons for inclusion or exclusion of a subject from the school curriculum – Recent developments in school subject.

Disadvantages of discipline oriented Curriculum - Advantages of learner oriented curriculum - Social oriented curriculum for social reconstruction - Designing learner centered curriculum, syllabus and textbooks.

Life-oriented curriculum – Inter-disciplinary curriculum: the growing need for inter-disciplinary curriculum- Broad field curriculum- Need for curriculum integration - Teaching of science and mathematics for national development - Selection of content- Based on the experiences of children- communities- their natural curiosities- their subjects.